Immigration Policy Scorecard

A source-linked record of immigration policy actions, votes and proposals in the United States and selected countries.

immigration measures scored17 recorded votes, 9 in the House and 8 in the Senate, plus 6 bills introduced but never brought to a vote

533

members scored on their votes

average Republican score

average Democrat score

Two numbers carry the whole table. 167 of the 533 scored members have never once voted or signed on against illegal or mass immigration, across all twenty-three measures. Another 236 have done so every single time the question was put to them. The chamber is not closely divided on this; it is sorted into two blocs that almost never cross, and the members in each are named below.

What the scorecard measures

The score draws on two kinds of evidence, kept separate in each member's detail. The first is seventeen recorded roll-call votes. Nine are House votes: the Secure the Border Act, the Laken Riley Act, the Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act, the No Bailout for Sanctuary Cities Act, the American Dream and Promise Act, the Farm Workforce Modernization Act, the SAVE Act (voted on twice), and the resolution overturning DC noncitizen voting. Eight are Senate votes: the Laken Riley Act and three of its amendments, the Marshall border security amendment, two votes on Medicaid coverage for people without verified immigration status, and the adjournment of the Mayorkas impeachment trial. The second is where a member stands on six bills that have been introduced but not voted on, measured by whether they sponsored or cosponsored each one.

Each chamber is scored on its own votes. A senator is judged on Senate roll calls, not on any earlier service in the House, so members who changed chambers are measured against the seat they hold now. Ninety-nine of the hundred sitting senators have a record on these measures. The exception is Alan Armstrong of Oklahoma, appointed in March 2026 to fill Markwayne Mullin's seat, who has not yet faced one of them. Sponsorship positions still count where a member has them.

Direction is what matters, not party. Sponsoring or cosponsoring a bill that expands immigration or grants amnesty - the Dignity Act, the American Dream and Promise Act - lowers the score, whether the member is a Democrat or a Republican. Backing a bill that cuts immigration or tightens enforcement - the birthright-citizenship, chain-migration, sanctuary, and noncitizen-voting bills - raises it. The twenty-three measures span seven areas: border, interior enforcement, sanctuary cities, amnesty, citizenship and voting integrity, legal immigration levels, and public benefits for noncitizens. A member is scored on the areas they have a record in, and their aligned share across every vote and position becomes the score. Third-party scorecards appear below our score in each member's detail. Sources are listed at the bottom.

537 shown across 55 states

Average delegation score

0-2020-4040-6060-8080-100

Blue = lower score · red = higher score. Higher means more votes against mass and illegal immigration.

State	Members	Average score
Utah	6	100
Arkansas	6	100
West Virginia	4	100
Wyoming	3	100
Alaska	3	100
South Dakota	3	100
Oklahoma	6	100
North Dakota	3	100
Montana	4	100
Iowa	6	98
Idaho	4	97
Nebraska	5	96
Tennessee	11	91
South Carolina	9	90
Kansas	6	88
Alabama	9	86
Kentucky	8	85
Mississippi	6	83
Missouri	10	80
North Carolina	16	79
Indiana	11	79
Ohio	17	76
Louisiana	8	75
Florida	29	74
Wisconsin	10	73
Texas	39	69
Georgia	14	66
Arizona	11	65
Pennsylvania	19	58
Michigan	15	57
Minnesota	10	48
Virginia	13	46
Maine	4	45
Colorado	10	44
New Hampshire	4	42
Nevada	6	41
New York	28	32
Washington	12	27
Oregon	8	24
New Jersey	14	23
California	52	20
Illinois	19	19
Delaware	3	17
Maryland	10	15
New Mexico	5	14
Connecticut	7	11
Hawaii	4	5
Massachusetts	11	3
Rhode Island	4	3
Vermont	3	0
District of Columbia	1	0
Guam	1	0
Northern Mariana Islands	1	0
Puerto Rico	1	0
US Virgin Islands	1	0